Diane di Prima Papers

Housed at the Department of Rare Books and Special Collections,
William F. Ekstrom Library, University of Louisville

BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES

Diane di Prima, feminist writer, poet, and teacher, was born in Brooklyn, New York, on August 6, 1934. Di Prima is the eldest child and only daughter of Francis and Emma di Prima, who were college-educated, middle-class Italian-Americans. Di Prima has two younger brothers, Frank (born November 6, 1937) and Richard (born September 19, 1941) who followed more traditional career paths, becoming an attorney and the owner of an educational electronics firm, respectively.

Diane di Prima graduated from the college preparatory program at Hunter College High School, an elite public school for girls in New York City, where she worked on the editorial board of the school paper, Scribimus. She then attended Swarthmore College for two years. She left college in 1953 to live in Manhattan with her lovers and to write full-time. While living in Greenwich Village, di Prima became part of the Bohemian intellectual culture: well-educated, white, middle-class individuals who rejected middle-class values, choosing a rebellious life-style which included sexual freedom and the use of drugs. Di Prima began a correspondence with the poet Ezra Pound, visiting him daily for two weeks in 1955 at St. Elizabeth's Hospital, in Washington, D.C., where he was hospitalized.

Di Prima continued to write and was associated with such "Beat Poets" as Le Roi Jones (Imanu Amari Baraka), Allen Ginsberg, Audre Lord, and Jack Kerouac. Together with Jones, she edited The Floating Bear, an influential underground newsletter of Greenwich Village, from 1961-1969. In 1958 This Kind of Bird Flies Backwards, her first book of poetry, was published, followed in 1960 by Dinners and Nightmares, her first published book of short stories. In 1961 she helped to organize the New York Poets Theatre with Jones, Fred Herko, James Waring and Alan Marlowe. She also helped establish the Poets Press with Kerouac, McClure, Ginsberg, and Lord. She moved to Monroe, New York, in 1965, and then to Kerhonkson, New York, and Millbrook, New York, (Timothy Leary's experimental community) in 1966. In 1967 she traveled around the United States doing poetry readings. She headed for San Francisco in 1968 to work with the "Diggers" distributing free food. She also took up the study of Zen Buddhism and the occult.

Di Prima has taught poetry at the New College of California, in San Francisco; the NAROPA Institute (the Jack Kerouac School of Disembodied Poetics) in Boulder, Colorado; and the Poetry-in-the-Schools Program of the National Endowment for the Arts. She has also served as an instructor in Tarot reading and the art of healing as a member of the San Francisco Institute of the Magical and Healing Arts.

Claiming to be most strongly influenced by poets John Keats, Ezra Pound, and Dylan Thomas, di Prima is widely published, including such works as The Calculus of Variation (1972), Dinners and Nightmares (1961, 1974), Loba, Parts I-VIII (1978), Memoirs of a Beatnik (1969, 1988), Pieces of a Song: Selected Poems (1990), Revolutionary Letters (1968, 1969, 1971), Selected Poems, 1956-76 (1975), and Seminary Poems (1991). She has also contributed to and edited various anthologies of poetry, as well as translating medieval Latin into English in Seven Love Poems from the Middle Latin (1965, 1967). Her plays include: The Discontent of the Russian Prince, Discovery of America, Like, Murder Cake, and Whale Honey. He work has been translated into more than eight languages and four of her plays have been produced off-Broadway.

Besides being a co-founder of The Floating Bear, the Poets Theatre and the Poets Press, di Prima helped to organize The Gold Circle with other artists in 1978, and the San Francisco Institute of Magical and Healing Arts (with Janet Carter, Carl Grundberg, and Sheppard Powell) in 1983, and is the founder of Eidolon Editions (1972) and The Poets Institute (1976).

Diane di Prima was married in 1962 to writer Alan Marlowe (divorced 1969) and in 1972 to Grant Fisher (divorced 1975.) She is the mother of five children: Jeanne (born October 28, 1957), Dominique (born June 4, 1962), Alexander (August 12, 1963), Tara (December 23, 1967), and Rudra (September 17, 1971).

SCOPE AND CONTENT

The University of Louisville purchased various collections of papers belonging to feminist poet and writer Diane di Prima from the Phoenix Book Store in New York City, in four separate acquisitions made in 1966, 1967, and 1968. Negotiations for later acquisitions were made by telephone and were not documented. The papers in the collection date from 1934 to 1992, beginning with ephemera from di Prima's childhood. The bulk of the 9.5 linear foot collection, which is divided into eight series, is correspondence and literary productions, but even those series are incomplete. Apparently di Prima sold some of her notebooks and other papers over the years. These materials are in the hands of various collectors and repositories, including the Lilly Library at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana, and Southern Illinois University, in Carbondale, Illinois. It is also likely that papers were lost during her many moves and due to her sometimes nomadic lifestyle. Even with these gaps, this collection significantly documents the life of this prolific and important twentieth century writer.

SERIES DESCRIPTION

1. Correspondence (2.25 linear feet) Boxes 1-5

This series, one of the largest in the collection, dates from di Prima's college years (1951-1953) through 1992. Incoming correspondence, arranged alphabetically, covers a wide range of topics, some personal and some professional. There are many single pieces of correspondence such as postcards and greeting cards from di Prima's friends, acquaintances, and colleagues. This finding aid includes a complete list of incoming correspondents. The majority of the outgoing correspondence, arranged chronologically, is of later vintage (from 1980) although there is a significant number of letters to di Prima's parents during her college years through 1981.

2. Diaries and Journals (1 linear foot) Boxes 6-7

Holograph notebooks from the 1950s and 1960s make up the bulk of this series. They begin in 1953 when di Prima left college to settle in New York City as a writer and end in 1968 when she moved to San Francisco. The remainder of the series consists of purse notebooks and engagement calendars from 1990 to 1992.

3. Literary Productions (4.5 linear feet) Boxes 8-15, 19, loose

This large series is subdivided by type of literary output, beginning with articles, essays, interviews and lectures. The next subseries consists of books, other than poetry, followed by plays. The major subseries is poetry, filed alphabetically, in order of drafts, notes, and manuscripts of individual works. Published single works, published individually or in anthologies or other sources are also present. Next comes published and unpublished collections. The last two subseries are short stories and translations.

4. Teaching Materials (.25 linear foot) Box 15

Despite the length of di Prima's teaching career, this is a very small series containing teaching notes, class descriptions, contracts, and internal correspondence regarding di Prima's work with the New College of California, NAROPA Institute, and the San Francisco Institute of the Magical and Healing Arts.

5. Printed Material (1 linear foot) Boxes 16-17, 19, loose

This series includes promotional material for di Prima's poetry readings, the work of other writers, and clippings and other information about the 1979 case in which Imanu Amari Baraka (a.k.a. LeRoi Jones), close friend of di Prima and father of her second child, was charged with assaulting a police officer in what was called a racially motivated arrest. There is also a 1983 University of Louisville master's thesis which examines di Prima's life and work: Sharon Slaton Gibson, "Diane di Prima, Beat, Hippie, and Feminist: A Fragment of American Literary and Personal History."

6. Legal Documents (.1 linear foot) Box 18

Two folders of papers, mainly legal paperwork for two incorporations (Aeon incorporation and LAPIS Foundation) directly involving di Prima, comprise this series.

7. Scrapbook and Photographs (.3 linear foot) Box 18

This small series contains items from di Prima's childhood and materials relating to her children. It also includes a birth announcement for Tara Marlowe and a wedding announcement of the marriage of Di Prima and Grant Fisher in 1972. There are also a few photographs of di Prima and others.

8. Audio (.1 linear foot) Box 18

A tape by singer John Braden, which includes one song, "November," with lyrics by di Prima, completes this series.

BOX LIST

SERIES 1 CORRESPONDENCE

Incoming

Outgoing

SERIES 2 DIARIES, JOURNALS, ETC.

SERIES 3 LITERARY PRODUCTIONS

SERIES 4 TEACHING MATERIALS

SERIES 5 PRINTED MATERIAL

SERIES 6 LEGAL

SERIES 7 SCRAPBOOK MATERIALS

SERIES 8 AUDIO TAPES

Unboxed

DI PRIMA WORKS AT UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE

PUBLICATIONS OF DIANE DI PRIMA

"Alba, for a Dark Year." War Poems. New York: Poets Press, 1968.

"April Fool Birthday Poem for Grandpa." The Dream Book and No More Masks!

"Arches." [1976].

"Astrological Speculations of the Chaldeans." The Sun Sets on Sunbonnet Sue. 1983.

"Awkward Song on the Eve of War." The City, August 1991.

"Bacchanale." July 1967.

"Backyard." The Dream Book.

"Blackout." Beat Coast East. Stanley Fisher, ed. New York: Excelsior Press, 1960.

The Book of Hours. San Francisco: Brownstone Press, 1970. (Poetry)

"Brass Furnace Going Out: Song, After an Abortion." Syracuse, NY: Pulpartforms-Intrepid Press, 1975. (Poetry)

"Brief Wyoming Meditation," in A Gathering of Poets.

The Calculus of Variation. San Francisco: Di Prima, 1972. (Prose) see also Ekstrom Stacks PS 3507 .I68 C34 1972

"A Couple of Weekends."

"The Dentist from L.A." The Sun Sets on Sunbonnet Sue. 1983.

Dinners and Nightmares. New York: Corinth Books, 1961; revised, 1974. (Short stories)
see also Ekstrom Bingham Poetry Room PS 3507 .I68 D5

The Discontent of the Russian Prince. Produced in New York, 1961, 1991. (Play)

The Discovery of America. Produced in New York, 1972, 1991. (Play)

Earthsong; Poems, 1957-1959. New York: Poets Press, 1968. (Poetry)
see also Ekstrom Bingham Poetry Room PS 3507 .I68 E2

"The Ethic of Sidney McCosh." The Dodo: Swarthmore College Magazine, Spring 1951.

"Evolution of Landscape," [1979].

"The Fires of Beltane," Harbin Quarterly, Spring 1992.

"For Blake," Santa Barbara, CA: Unicorn Press Poetry Post Card, Series 3, #4, 1971.

Freddie Poems. Point Reyes, CA: Eidolon Editions, 1974. (Poetry)

"Goodbye Nkrumah," War Poems. New York: Poets Press, 1968.

Haiku. Los Angeles: Love Press, 1966. (Poetry)

Hotel Albert. New York City: Poets Press, 1968. (Poetry)

"How Shall I Win You to Me?" Toothpaste Press for Bookslinger, 1980.

"I Feel Myself Fade." Denver: Croupier Press, Poetry Card Series #3, 1969.

Kerhonkson Journal. Berkeley, CA: Oyez, 1971. (Poetry)
see also Ekstrom Bingham Poetry Room PS 3507 .I68 K4

Lapis. 1980. (Play)

L.A. Odyssey. San Francisco: Poets Press, 1969. (Poetry)

"Letter to Jeanne (at Tassajara)." The Dream Book.

Like. New York: The American Theatre for Poets, 1960; Coffee House Press, 1991. Produced in New York, 1964. (Play)

"Like Wind." Detroit: Alternative Press, Postcard, circa 1972.

Loba, As Eve. New York: The Phoenix Book Shop, 1975. (Poetry)

Loba, Part I. Santa Barbara, CA: Capra Press, 1973. (Poetry)

Loba, Part II. Point Reyes, CA: Eidolon, 1976. (Poetry)

Loba: Parts I-VIII. Berkeley, CA: Wingbow Press, 1978. (Poetry)

"Love Pomes," [sic] Naked Ear, No. 11.

"Lullaby." The Dream Book.

"Marriage." The Dream Book.

The Mask is the Path of the Star. Louisville, KY: White Fields Press, 1993. (Poetry)

"The Masque of . . .." Long News: In the Short Century, vol. 1, 1991.

"Memories of Childhood," Liberation, 2(December 1957).

Memoirs of a Beatnik. New York: Olympia Press, 1969; reprint San Francisco: Last Gasp of San Francisco, 1988. (Novel)
see also Ekstrom Stacks PS 3507 .I68 M4 1988

"Minnesota Morning Ode." The Dream Book.

Monuments: 8 Monologues. Produced in New York, 1968. (Play)

Murder Cake. Produced in New York, 1963. (Play)

"Narrow Path into the Back Country," in No More Masks!

New As . . .. Privately printed, 1969. (Play)

The New Handbook of Heaven. San Francisco: Auerhahn Press, 1963. (Poetry)

New Mexico Poem, June-July 1967. New York: Roodenko, 1968. (Poetry)

"New York Poems." Poetry New York, 1992

"Notes on the Summer Solstice." Privately printed, 1969. (Other)

Paideuma. Produced in New York, Living Theatre, 1960; Coffee Trees Press, 1991. (Play)

"Paraclesus." 1983.

"Peter Hartman's Sequence." Archetype West and Point Reyes Printing Co., 1992.

Pieces of a Song: Selected Poems. San Francisco: City Light Books, 1990. (Poetry)
see also Ekstrom Bingham Poetry Room PS 3507 .I68 P5 1990

"Poem in Praise of my Husband," in No More Masks!

Poems for Freddie. New York: Poets Press, 1966; as Freddie Poems, see above.

"Poetry Festival 1981." Poets Paper, no. 5 (November 10, 1981).

Poets Vaudeville. New York: Feed Folly Press, 1964 or 1966. Produced in New York, 1964. (Libretto)

"Point of Ripeness."

The Portuguese Albas of Meister Romeo. 1960s, 1970s.

"Prayer to Mothers." Privately printed, 1971. (Poetry)

"Prayer to the Mothers." The Dream Book.

"The Quarrel," in No More Masks!

Rain Fur. 1991.

"Rant, from a Cool Place," War Poems. New York: Poets Press, 1968

"Recent Boring Literary Pastimes." Exquisite Corpse, 4(May-August 1986).

Recollections of My Life as a Woman, drafts and manuscript

"Redoubtably Ambiguous." The Sun Sets on Sunbonnet Sue. 1983

"Revolutionary Letter #19." Venceremos.

"Revolutionary Letter #29." Venceremos.

"Revolutionary Letter: June 12, 1982." Peace or Perish. Herman Berlandt and Neeli Cherkovski, eds., San Francisco: Poets for Peace, 1983.

Revolutionary Letters, etc. New York: Commuications, 1968; reprinted, San Francisco: City Light Books, 1971. (Poetry)

Revolutionary Letters: Poems. London: Long Hair Books, 1969. (Poetry)

"Rise of the Scientific Method from the Renaissance."

"Role of the Hermetic in Poetry." Straits.

Selected Poems, 1956-1976. Plainfield, VT: North Atlantic Books, 1975, revised 1977. (Poetry)
see also Ekstrom Bingham Poetry Room PS 3507 .I68 A6 1977

Seminary Poems. Point Reyes Station, CA: Floating Island Publications, 1991. (Poetry)

see also Ekstrom Stacks PS 3507 .I68 S4 1991

So Fine. Santa Barbara, CA: Yes Press, 1971. (Poetry)

"Spontaneous Journal While Typesetting." Pearl, no. 12 (Summer-Fall 1991.)

"Spring Thoughts for Freddie." Evergreen Review, 12(June 1968.)

"The Star, the Child, the Light." Privately printed, 1968. (Poetry)

"Swallow Sequence." Alpha Beat Soup, no. 4 (December 1988.)

"Tara." The Sun Sets on Sunbonnet Sue.

This Kind of Bird Flies Backward. New York: Totem Press, 1958. (Poetry)
see also Ekstrom Bingham Poetry Room PS 3507 .I68 T48

"To My Father." The Dream Book.

"To the Patriarchs." Earth's Daughters, Winter 1977.

"To the Unknown Buddhist Nun Who Burned Herself to Death on the Night of June 3, 1966." War Poems. New York: Poets Press, 1968.

"Two from One." Soup, 1980. Steve Abbott, ed., San Francisco: 1980

Whale Honey. Produced in San Francisco, 1975; New York, 1976. (Play)

"What Do Frogs Say?" 1950s

Zip Code. Minneapolis: Coffee House Press, 1992. (Play)

EDITED BY DIANE DI PRIMA

The Floating Bear: A Newsletter, Numbers 1-37. La Jolla, CA: Laurence McGilvery, 1973.

Various Fables from Various Places. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1960.

War Poems. New York: Poets Press, 1968.

see also Ekstrom Bingham Poetry Room PN 6110 .W28 D5

TRANSLATED BY DIANE DI PRIMA

Genet, Jean. The Man Condemned to Death. New York: Poets Press, 1963.

Seven Love Poems from the Middle Latin. New York: Poets Press, 1965, 1967.

see also Ekstrom Stacks PA 8122 .D5

ANTHOLOGIES AND OTHER SOURCES OF DIANE DI PRIMA POETRY

Alpha Beat Soup. No.4 (December 1988). "Swallow Sequence."

Beat Coast East. Stanley Fisher, ed. New York: Excelsior Press, 1960. "Blackout."

The City. (August 1991). "Awkward Song on the Eve of War."

The Dodd, Swarthmore College Magazine. (Spring 1952). "Ethic of Sidney McCosh."

The Dream Book: An Anthology of Writings by Italian American Women. Helen Barolini, ed. New York: Schocken Books, 1987. "Lullaby," "Marriage," "Letter to Jeanne (at Tassajara)," "To My Father," "Prayer to the Mother," "Backyard," "April Fool Birthday Poem for Grandpa," and "Minnesota Morning Ode."

Earth's Daughters, No. 7 (Winter, 1977). "To the Patriarchs."

Evergreen Review. No. 55 (June 1968). "Spring Thoughts for Freddie."

Exquisite Corpse. 4 (May-August 1986). "Recent Boring Literary Pastimes."

The Floating Bear. Bound vols. 1-37, La Jolla: Laurence McGilvery, 1973.

A Gathering of Poets, Maggie Anderson & Alex Gildzen, eds. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1992. "Brief Wyoming Meditation."

Harbin Quarterly. Spring 1992, "The Fires of Beltane."

Horoskop Orloje. Czech anthology with section by DiPrima.

Howl. January 24, 1990 and September 1991.

Liberation. 2 (December 1957). "Memories of Childhood."

Long News: In the Short Century. 1 (1991). "The Masque of. . .."

The Naked Ear. No. 11 (n.d.). "Love Pomes" [sic].

No More Masks! An Anthology of Poems by Women, Florence Howe and Ellen Bass, eds. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press, 1973. "April Fool Birthday Poem for Grandpa," "Narrow Path into the Back Country," "Poem in Praise of my Husband," and "The Quarrel."

Peace or Perish. Herman Berlandt and Neeli Cherkovski, eds. San Francisco: Poets for Peace, 1983. "Revolutionary Letter: June 12, 1982."

Pearl. No. 12 (Summer-Fall 1991). "Spontaneous Journal While Typesetting."

Poetry New York: A Journal of Poetry and Translation. No. 4 (Winter 1991/Spring 1992). "New York Poems."

The Poets Paper. No. 5 (November 10, 1981). "Poetry Festival 1981."

Scribimus. (Newsletter of Hunter High School) 1949-1951. Contains several works by di Prima.

Soup. 1980. "Two from One."

Straits: Newsletter of the Detroit River Press. 1 (September 1982). "Role of the Hermetic in Poetry."

The Sun Sets on Sunbonnet Sue. 1983. "Astrological Speculations of the Chaldeans," "The Dentist from L.A.," "Redoubtably Ambiguous," "Tara."

War Poems. New York: Poets Press, Inc., 1968. "Alba, for a Dark Year," "Goodbye Nkrumah," "Rant, from a Cool Place," "To the Unknown Buddhist Nun Who Burned Herself to Death on the Night of June 3, 1966."

CORRESPONDENTS

AJAX

Dr. Ferdinando Alfonsi

Donald Allen (editor of New American Poetry, 1960, and The Post Moderns)

Ed Almanza

Alvarado School (Janet E. Carter)

Karen Ande

Mayatri Aron (Women's Party for Survival)

Arete: Forum for Thought (Doug Balding, editor)

Associated Students of Stanford University Speakers Bureau

Auerhahn Press (Dave Haselwood and Andrew Hoyem)

Jane Augustine

"Baba" Bruce Axelrod

Matt Baldwin

Bartholomew (see Leland Williams)

Helen Bartolini (Chappaqua Library, Chappaque, New York)

Sabra Basler

Bay Area Comprehensive Test Ban Coalition

Maria Beatty

Diana Bellessi

Carol Biondi (cousin)

Elle M. Biondi (maternal aunt)

Lucia Birnbaum

Black Ace Books

Black Oak Books

Book Cafe (Capitola, California)

Boston College re: Warhol Project (see Reva Wolf)

Mike Boughn (Shuffaloff Press)

Sandra Braman

Bridge Conference (San Francisco, 1991)

Douglas Brinkley (Hofstra University)

Hanna Budan

Bumber Shoot! (see Judith Roche)

Dean Burrell (see Harper San Francisco)

Bruce Burgess

Ronnie Burk

CACTUS, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Action Campaign for the United States, (Joan Sutherland)

California Student Aid Commission

Addie and Bill Calise

Janine Canan

Judith Cantera

David Carson (Creator of "Medicine Cards")

Janet Carter

Alice K. Charap

Ann Charters (editor of The Portable Beat Reader) (Viking Penquin)

Laura Chester

City Light Books (Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Nancy Peters, Bob Sharrard)

Jack and Cass Clarke

Barbara Collier

Julia Connor

Contact Quarterly (see Nancy Stark Smith)

Corinth Books (see Ted Wilentz)

Robert Creeley

Martha Crook

Rachel Guido de Vries (see Guido de Vries)

Dilluvian Book Shop (Todd Pratum)

Dominique Di Prima

Frank and Weezie Di Prima

Jeanne Di Prima

Richard and Judith Di Prima

Amy Doherty

Nathaniel Dorsky

Jill Duerr

Earth Prayers

Suzanne Edminster

George Elyjiw

Verna Emery (see Purdue University Press)

Exit Zero (Student Union for Ethnic Inclusion [SUEI] at the Naropa Institute)

Marianne Faithfull

Candace Falk (Director, The Emma Goldman Papers, University of California, Berkeley)

Lawrence Ferlinghetti (see City Light Books)

The Fintry Trust

Floating Island Publications (Michael Sykes)

Mary Ann Flood

Jack Foley

Mary Fowler

Eric Francis

Michael Fritz

Re: From the Margin: Writings in Italian Americana (Fred L. Gardaphe, Anthony J. Tamburri)

Nancy Gagnon

Fred L Gardaphe (see Purdue University Press)

Gateway Property Management

Daniel Gautier

Genentech, Inc.

Ruth Ghio

Maria Mazziotti Gillan (see Poetry Center at Passaic Community College, Patterson, New Jersey)

Mary Gilliland

Allen Ginsburg (Bob Rosenthal)

Paolo A. Giordano (see Purdue University Press)

Ian Grand

Carl and Jill Grundberg (SIMHA)

Rachel Guido de Vries

Marsha Dale Gurrell

Mary Jean Haley

Steven Halpern

Harper San Francisco (Dean Burrell)

Zoe Harris

Peter Hartman

Rose Hass (see Tenth Avenue Editions)

Zoe Harris

Matt. Haug

D.R. Hazelton (see Synapse)

Suzanne Head

Lyn Hejinian

Angelina Hekking

Barbara Henning (Long News)

George Herms

Anne Hietbrink

Howl (William Perkins)

R. Hunter

Instituto Italiano di Cultura

Valerie Jacobs

Susan Janssen

Lisa Jarnot

Brian Jeffrey

Joyce Jenkins

Kent Johnson (see Shambala Publications

Ronald Johnson

Terese Jungle (see SOMA)

Howard Junker

Jean Kennedy

Burt Kimmelman

Barri and Steve Klingaman

Willow Konetz (Santa Fe Actor's Theater)

Mary Norbent Korte

James Laughlin (see New Directions)

Deborah Lawlor

M. Lazar

Rodrigo Garcia Lopes

Leonardo Losito

Helen Luster

Dennis Maloney (see White Pine Press)

Elsa Marley

Richard Marley

Alan Marlowe

Charity Martin

Dick Martin

Harriet Matter-Jones

Michael J. Mayo (Seismograph Publications)

Larry McGilvery

Duncan McNaugton

Betty D. Meador

Deena Metzger

Carole Migden

James Oliver Mitchell

Tony Moffert

Maureen Murdock

Mother Jones (Peggy Orenstein and Marsha Sessa)

Billy Name

James Naiden (see Northstone Review)

NAROPA Institute

National Poetry Award Board (Tom Parkinson)

New College of California

New Directions (James Laughlin)

Gerry Nicosia

Susan Noel

Northstone Review (James Naiden, editor)

Julie Novak

Mr. and Mrs. Nunley

The Ojai Foundation

Ronald J. Olivia

Pearl Olson

Tillie Olsen

Peggy Orenstein (see Mother Jones)

Paragon House Publishers

Tom Parkinson (see National Poetry Award Board)

Cameron Parsons

Louis Patler

Craig Paulenich (see Shambhala Publications)

William Perkins (see Howl)

Ellen Peskin

Nancy J. Peters (see City Light Books)

The Poetry Center at Passaic Community College, Paterson, New Jersey (Maria Mazziotti Gillan)

The Poetry Center, San Francisco State University

The Poetry Project

Poets and Writers

Poets for Peace

Charles Ponce

Sheppard Powell

Holly Prado

Rosard Prem

Purdue University Press (see also re: From the Margin)

Yvonne Rand

Diane Rapton

Bernie Rauscher

Refuse and Resist

Rivendell School

River Styx

Randy Roark

Judith Roche (Bumber Shoot!)

Renee Rodin

Marcia Rogers

Bob Rosenthal (see Allen Ginsburg)

Ross Hospital

Dora Rossi

Bill S.

Meredith Sabini

Bob Salzman

Ed Sanders

San Francisco Bay Area Book Festival

San Francisco Board of Education

San Francisco Institute for the Magical and Healing Arts (SIMHA) San Francisco Unified School District

Santa Barbara Arts Council

Santa Fe Actor's Threater (see William Konetz)

Ilka Scobie

Scott, Foresman & Co.

Raul Santiago Sebazco

Marsha Sessa (see Mother Jones)

Shamblala Publications (Kent Johnson, Craig Paulenich, Peter Turner)

Bob Sharrard (see City Lights Books)

David Short

Connie Smith Siegal

Nancy Stark Smith (Contact Quarterly)

Gary Snyder

Carl Solomon

SOMA (Terese Jungle)

Station Hill Press (George Quasha)

Gregory Stephenson

Dodie Stewart

Colleen Strohm

Laura Anna Stortoni

Kimi Sugiolea

Amber Coverdale Sumrall

Alan Sussex

Joan Sutherland (see CACTUS)

Michael Sykes (see Floating Island Publications)

Synapse (D.R. Hazelton)

Anthony Julian Tamburri (see re: From the Margin

Taos Poetry Circus

Taos Review

Jane Taylor

Tenth Avenue Editions (Rose Hass)

Gudrun Thompson

Scott Thompson

Joan Thornton

Penel Thronson

Tibet Fund (Mark Rappaport)

Todd Pratum Books

Peter Turner (see Shambala Publications)

University of California at Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive

Urbanus & Raizirr

Vajradhatu

Ed Vanaelstyn

Jean-Claude Van Itallie

Viking Penquin (see Ann Charters)

Robert Viscusi

Hunce Voelcker

Dolphin Waletsky

Larry Wallrich

Watershed Foundation

Zoe Walter

James White

White Pine Press (Dennis Maloney)

Ted Wilentz (Corinth Books)

Leland Williams (Bartholomew)

Robert Wilson

Wingbow Press (Randy Fingland)

Reva Wolf (Boston College re: Warhol Project)

Women's Alliance (see Charlotte Kelly)

Will Wroth